Speak to our surveyor
Library · Build Stages

How a wooden yacht
is built in Turkey.

Eight stages, every critical inspection point, and why each one matters. This is what our surveyors check on every visit — and what happens when no one does.

8
Build stages
18–36
Months typical
Weekly
Surveyyat visits
100%
Independent
01
Pre-Contract
02
Timber Selection & Delivery
03
Foundation
04
Hull Structure
05
Hull Shell
06
Systems
07
Interior & Deck
08
Completion
Typical build timeline — 18 to 30 months for a 20m gulet
Contract & design
1–3 months
Timber delivery
Months 1–2
Keel & backbone
Months 2–4
Framing
Months 3–7
Planking
Months 5–10
Systems install
Months 8–18
Interior & deck
Months 12–24
Sea trial & cert
Final 1–2 months
01
Pre-Contract

Design, Naval Architecture & Contract

⏱ 1–3 months

The build begins before a single piece of timber is cut. The most expensive mistakes in wooden yacht construction happen at contract stage — imprecise specifications, ambiguous payment schedules, missing penalty clauses. A detailed technical brief and well-drafted contract is the foundation of everything that follows.

What happens at this stage
Commission naval architect and agree design brief
Choose yard — visit in person, inspect current builds
Review yard's previous vessels (survey records if available)
Define full technical specification: hull method, timber species, engine, rig, systems
Agree payment milestones tied to build stages (not calendar dates)
Insert penalty clause for delays and specification drift
Verify yard holds current permit to build for foreign clients
What we inspect
Contract reviewed by Surveyyat before signature
Specification gap analysis — what is NOT specified will be builder's choice
Payment schedule review — front-loaded contracts are high risk
Yard permit and insurance verification
Critical failure points
Never pay more than 20–25% upfront
Vague specifications = builder discretion = hidden costs
Verbal agreements are worthless in any dispute
🔍
Surveyyat at this stage
Surveyyat reviews your contract and specification before you sign. We identify ambiguous clauses, missing material specs, and unrealistic timelines. This single step prevents the most common and most expensive disputes.
02
Timber Selection & Delivery

Timber Procurement & Material Verification

⏱ Month 1–2

The character of a wooden yacht is determined by its timber. Species substitution — delivering a cheaper or lower-grade wood than specified — is the single most common specification breach in Turkish yards. It happens before a plank is laid, and it can only be caught by someone physically present at delivery.

What happens at this stage
Structural timber ordered: iroko, acacia, or specified species
Deck timber ordered: teak or mahogany as specified
Interior joinery timber ordered: mahogany, sapele, teak
Mast timber ordered: Douglas fir or Sitka spruce
All timber delivered and stacked on site for inspection
What we inspect
Species verification — visual and grain inspection at delivery
Moisture content readings: structural timber must be <18%, interior <12%
Grading: freedom from knots, checks, and shakes in structural members
CITES documentation for teak and other restricted species
Quantity check against specification
Critical failure points
Iroko misidentified as teak is a common substitution
Wet timber will shrink, crack, and cause caulking failure
Once in the hull, timber cannot be inspected again
🔍
Surveyyat at this stage
Our surveyor inspects every timber delivery on arrival. We check species, moisture content, grading, and quantity against your specification. Rejected timber is documented and the yard is formally notified in writing.
03
Foundation

Keel, Stem & Backbone Assembly

⏱ Month 2–4

The backbone of the vessel — keel, stem, sternpost, and deadwood — forms the structural spine to which everything else is fastened. These members carry the most critical loads and are completely inaccessible once planking is complete. This is the stage where density, fastening quality, and joinery precision are most consequential.

What happens at this stage
Keel timber laid on blocks — inspect species and dimensions
Stem scarfed and fastened — check scarf angle and fastenings
Sternpost fitted — inspect alignment and fastening method
Deadwood fitted — check bolting pattern and bedding compound
Keel bolts drilled and fitted — inspect size, spacing, and material (bronze or stainless)
Lead or iron ballast keel fitted and bedded
What we inspect
Keel timber scantling check against specification
Scarf joint quality and length (minimum 8:1 ratio)
Keel bolt diameter, material, and spacing
Alignment of keel, stem, and sternpost on centreline
Bedding compound applied to all fastenings
Critical failure points
Undersize keel bolts are a structural failure waiting to happen
Misalignment at keel stage cannot be corrected after framing
Keel bolts must be bronze or quality stainless — galvanised steel is not acceptable
🔍
Surveyyat at this stage
Surveyyat issues a Keel & Backbone Certificate at this stage — a signed document confirming scantlings, alignment, and fastening specification before framing begins. This certificate has value for insurance and resale.
04
Hull Structure

Frame Setting, Floors & Structural Members

⏱ Month 3–7

Frames are the ribs of the vessel — they define the hull shape and distribute all structural loads to the keel. In traditional carvel construction, sawn or steam-bent frames are spaced at intervals dictated by scantling rules. In cold-moulded construction, the equivalent is the laminated framework over which veneers are laid. Either way, mistakes here are buried inside the hull forever.

What happens at this stage
Frames set up on keel — check station alignment
Floors fitted — fastened to frames and keel
Structural stringers run — check continuity and fastening
Deck beams fitted — check crown (camber) is correct
Breast hook and quarter knees fitted
Chainplate backing blocks fitted
What we inspect
Frame scantlings at each station against drawings
Frame spacing — regular and to specification
Floor to keel fastening quality
Stringer continuity — no gaps or poor scarfs
Deck beam crown — must have positive camber for drainage
Chainplate backing — must be oversized and well bedded
Critical failure points
Frames set too far apart increase hull flexibility under load
Floors fastened with screws (not bolts) are structurally inadequate
Once planked, no frame can be inspected or repaired without major surgery
🔍
Surveyyat at this stage
This is the longest inspection stage. Our surveyor visits at least twice during framing — once when frames are set, and once when stringers and deck beams are complete. Frame scantlings are physically measured and recorded at every station.
05
Hull Shell

Planking, Caulking & Fairing

⏱ Month 5–10

Planking is the most visible and time-intensive stage of wooden boat construction. Each plank must be accurately fitted, properly fastened, and sealed. In carvel planking, the seams are caulked — packed with cotton or oakum and sealed with compound. Once planked, the hull is faired (shaped) to a smooth surface. The quality of planking and caulking determines the vessel's water tightness for decades.

What happens at this stage
Planks cut, shaped and hung from sheer to keel
Fastenings: bronze or silicon bronze screws at every frame
Caulking: cotton or oakum driven into seams, compound applied
Garboard strakes (lowest planks) fitted and bedded
Sheer strake fitted — top plank, often doubled
Hull faired with long boards — surface smooth to eye and straight edge
What we inspect
Plank fastening pattern — one fastening per frame at minimum
Fastening material: bronze only — no stainless, no galvanised in salt water
Caulking depth and consistency — no gaps, no bulging
Garboard fit against the rabbet — no gaps or poor contact
Hull fairing — held to straightedge with no high or low spots
Stealer planks and joggle butt placement — no short planks in high-load areas
Critical failure points
Galvanised fasteners corrode rapidly in salt water — unacceptable in a new build
Poorly driven caulking will blow out and cause leaks under load
Short planks in the bow section are a structural weakness
🔍
Surveyyat at this stage
Our Planking Certificate is issued when planking is complete and the hull has been inspected below the waterline. This documents the fastening material, caulking method, and hull fairness — permanently recorded before antifouling paint covers the evidence.
06
Systems

Engine, Electrical, Plumbing & Through-Hulls

⏱ Month 8–18

The systems phase — engine installation, electrical wiring, plumbing, fuel systems, and through-hull fittings — determines the vessel's safety and reliability for its entire life. All of these systems are concealed behind joinery after this stage. Errors in wiring, through-hull installation, or fuel routing that are not caught now cannot be found until something fails — often at sea.

What happens at this stage
Engine beds built and engine aligned on shaft
Shaft seal (stuffing box or dripless) fitted
All through-hulls fitted with seacocks — verified accessible
Fuel tanks installed — inspect material and mounting
Fuel lines run — inspect routing away from heat sources
Electrical panel installed
DC wiring run — inspect gauge and routing
Battery bank installed and connected
Bilge pump system installed — automatic and manual
What we inspect
Through-hull material: bronze or approved composite
Seacock accessibility — every seacock must be reachable from a standing position
Fuel tank material and vent routing
Wire gauge vs. circuit load — ABYC E-11 reference
Wire routing: away from heat, no sharp bends, protected through bulkheads
Bilge pump discharge routed above waterline
Engine alignment within manufacturer tolerance
Critical failure points
Inaccessible seacocks are a safety hazard — the yard will not volunteer this
Undersized wiring causes resistance, heat, and fire risk
Fuel lines routed near engine exhausts are a fire risk
🔍
Surveyyat at this stage
Our systems inspection follows the ABYC E-11 electrical standard and H-27 through-hull standard. We photograph every accessible through-hull, verify seacock accessibility, and produce a written electrical inspection record. All findings are documented before joinery panels are fitted.
07
Interior & Deck

Interior Joinery, Deck Fittings & Finishing

⏱ Month 12–24

Interior joinery is where the vessel reveals its character — and where cost overruns most commonly occur. The difference between a standard and bespoke interior on a 22m vessel can exceed €400,000. Deck fittings — cleats, stanchions, chainplates, winches — must be securely backed and bedded. Poor bedding leads to deck leaks; inadequate backing leads to failure under load.

What happens at this stage
Hull interior lined or finished
Cabin furniture built and fitted
Sole (floor) laid — teak, holly and teak, or specified material
Plumbing fixtures fitted — heads, showers, tanks
Deck hardware fitted: cleats, winches, fairleads
Stanchions fitted with backing plates
Chainplates through-bolted with backing
Compass and navigation station fitted
Hatches and portlights bedded and fitted
What we inspect
Stanchion base backing plate size — must be adequate for load
Chainplate backing — through-bolted, not screwed
All deck hardware bedded in polysulfide or sikaflex
Hatch and portlight bedding — no dry fitting
Cleat backing plate dimensions
Sole fastening — removable for bilge access
Critical failure points
Stanchions fitted without proper backing can pull out of the deck
Dry-fitted deck hardware leaks — every fitting must be bedded
Sole that cannot be lifted prevents bilge inspection — a safety hazard
🔍
Surveyyat at this stage
Deck hardware inspection focuses on backing plates and bedding. We physically pull-test stanchions and verify every chainplate. Interior quality is assessed against your specification — not against the builder's interpretation of "standard".
08
Completion

Pre-Launch Inspection, Sea Trial & Certification

⏱ Final 1–2 months

The sea trial is the vessel's graduation. Every system is tested under real conditions — engine at full throttle, rigging under load, electronics under power. The final survey produces the complete build file: every inspection report, every certificate, every photograph, assembled into the permanent provenance record of the vessel. This document is worth significant money at resale.

What happens at this stage
Pre-launch inspection — all systems checked before water
Launch — first immersion, check for leaks at all fittings
Engine run — check cooling, exhaust, oil pressure
Sea trial: engine performance, speed, fuel consumption
Rigging tension set — standing rigging tuned
Sail trial — sails set, performance assessed
Electronics commissioned — GPS, VHF, AIS, chartplotter
Complete punch list completed and signed off
What we inspect
Launch: watch for seepage at every through-hull and keel bolt
Engine performance against specification
Steering: full lock to lock — smooth, responsive, no binding
Mast: plumb athwartships, correct rake
Standing rigging: tension and tuning
Sails: shape, trim, no chafe points
All electrical systems operational
Emergency equipment present and in date
Critical failure points
Accept no outstanding items at handover — the leverage evaporates at delivery
Sea trial must be attended by surveyor, not just yard and owner
Do not accept the vessel in bad weather — delay the sea trial
🔍
Surveyyat at this stage
Our Final Build Certificate and complete Build File are issued at handover. This includes every weekly report, every milestone certificate, and the complete photographic record of the build — assembled as a permanent provenance document. For resale, insurance, and flag registration, this file is irreplaceable.
Ready to commission your build?

Surveyyat manages the full supervision process from contract review to sea trial. We are based in Bodrum, fully independent, and retain no commercial relationship with any yard.

Commission Your Yacht → Estimate Build Costs